What Are Cold Sores?
Cold sores, also known as fever blisters or herpes labialis, are a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). These small, fluid-filled blisters typically form on or around the lips, nose, chin, or mouth. While cold sores are often most severe during the initial outbreak, they can reoccur periodically, often with milder symptoms.
Cold sores are highly contagious and can spread through direct contact, such as kissing or sharing personal items. Once the virus enters the body, it remains dormant but can reactivate due to certain triggers.
What Are the Symptoms of Cold Sores?
Symptoms of cold sores can vary in severity, especially between the first and subsequent outbreaks. Common signs include:
Blisters: Small, fluid-filled blisters that appear on or around the lips, nose, chin, or mouth.
Clusters: Blisters may occur individually or in clusters.
Tingling or Burning: A tingling, itching, or burning sensation often precedes the appearance of blisters.
Inflammation: Swelling, redness, and soreness in the affected area.
Systemic Symptoms: Fever, headache, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes, particularly during the first outbreak.
Recurrent Outbreaks: Subsequent outbreaks tend to have milder symptoms.
What Causes Cold Sores?
Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The virus is:
Highly Contagious: Spread through direct contact, such as kissing or sharing utensils, towels, or razors.
Triggered by Certain Factors: Triggers include stress, fatigue, sun exposure, illness, or hormonal changes.
Recurrent: Once infected, the virus remains dormant in the body and can reactivate over time.
How Are Cold Sores Treated?
While there is no cure for cold sores, several treatments can help manage symptoms and reduce the duration and frequency of outbreaks:
Over-the-Counter Creams:
Topical creams containing docosanol can minimize severity and duration.
Antiviral Medications:
Prescription antiviral treatments, available in both oral and topical forms, can accelerate healing and reduce recurrence.
Pain Relief:
Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can ease discomfort.
Home Care and Hygiene Practices:
Keep the area clean and dry to prevent bacterial infections.
Use cool compresses for temporary relief.
Sun Protection:
Lip balm or sunscreen can prevent sun-induced outbreaks.
Natural Remedies:
Some individuals use aloe vera, tea tree oil, or lysine supplements, though evidence of their effectiveness is limited.
Related Treatments
Your Path to Cold Sore Relief Starts Here
Cold sores can be uncomfortable, but they don’t have to disrupt your life. At Summerlin Dermatology, our experts provide personalized treatment plans to manage cold sores effectively and prevent frequent outbreaks.
For more information or to schedule an appointment, call us at 702-243-4501 or Request an Appointment online.
Cold Sores
Cold Sore Treatments
Cold sores, or fever blisters, are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) and can cause discomfort and inconvenience. Here at Summerlin Dermatology of Las Vegas, we offer effective treatments to manage outbreaks, reduce symptoms, and prevent recurrence, helping you regain confidence and comfort.